What are some contraindications for the use of COCs and Transdermal patch in all women?

The use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and transdermal patches carries certain contraindications, particularly for specific demographics and health conditions. The correct answer focuses on the age and smoking status of women.

Women who smoke and are 35 years of age or older are at an increased risk for serious cardiovascular events such as thrombosis and stroke when using COCs or the transdermal patch. The risk intensifies with age and the habitual practice of smoking. This is due to the combined hormonal content in these contraceptive methods, which can further elevate the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in women who already have lifestyle factors that significantly increase these risks.

In contrast, the other choices do not represent the same level of risk associated with the use of these contraceptives. For example, the option concerning smokers aged 30 or older is less restrictive and does not account for the heightened risk that begins specifically at age 35. Diabetes with no complications generally does not preclude the use of COCs as long as the diabetes is well controlled, and non-hypertensive status indicates no contraindicating hypertensive conditions. Thus, focusing on the crucial risk factors of age and smoking status is essential when considering the safety of COCs and transdermal