What distinguishes secondary hypertension from primary hypertension?

Secondary hypertension is characterized by the presence of an identifiable underlying disease or condition that is causing the high blood pressure. This could include conditions such as chronic kidney disease, hormonal disorders like hyperaldosteronism, certain medications, or vascular issues. Unlike primary hypertension, which typically has no specific cause and develops over time due to genetic, environmental, or lifestyle factors, secondary hypertension is directly linked to another medical condition.

Recognizing secondary hypertension is crucial because it often necessitates a different treatment approach aimed at addressing the underlying issue, such as medication for thyroid dysfunction or interventions for renal artery stenosis. This differentiation guides healthcare providers in effectively managing the patient’s overall health and achieving better blood pressure control. Understanding that secondary hypertension results from specific pathophysiological processes helps in alerting health providers to the possibility of coexisting conditions that may require targeted therapy.